答案：Small groups to which a person belongs have a direct influence on what a person buys. Reference groups serve as direct or indirect points of comparison or reference in forming a person's attitudes or behaviors. An aspirational group is one to which the individual wishes to belong. Reference groups expose a person to new behaviors and lifestyles, influence a person's attitudes and self-concept, and create pressures to conform that may affect the person's product and brand choices. Opinion leaders are people within a reference group who, because of special skills, knowledge, personality, or other characteristics, exert social influence on others. The group closest to consumers is the family, the most important consumer buying organization in society. Marketers are interested in the changing roles and influence of each family member on the purchase of different products and services. Within groups, including families, the position of an individual is defined by role and status. A role consists of the activities people are expected to perform according to the persons around them, while status is the general esteem given to that role. People tend to choose products that fit with their roles and status.
